| Milecastle 1 | |
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Milecastle 1
Milecastle 1 shown within Tyne and Wear |
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| OS grid reference | NZ300660 |
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| List of places: UK • England • Tyne and Wear | |
| This article is part of the series on: Military of ancient Rome (portal) 753 BC – AD 476 |
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| Structural history | |
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| Roman army (unit types and ranks, legions, auxiliaries, generals) | |
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| Frontiers and fortifications (limes, Hadrian's Wall) |
Milecastle 1 (Stott's Pow) was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. It was located near the (now disappeared) valley of Stott's Pow. Its remains are covered over, and are located beneath the recreation ground at Miller's Dene.[1] Early excavations and investigations of Turret 0B were mistakenly interpreted as Milecastle 1.[2]
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Milecastle 1 was a short-axis milecastle of unknown gateway type. Short-axis milecastles were thought to have been constructed by the legio II Augusta who were based in Isca Augusta (Caerleon).[3]
| “ | On the top of the rise about 80 yds from the brook (Stott's Pow) is the site of the first milecastle. The ground is under tillage, but its slightly elevated surface, (has a) number of small stones... sprinkled over it... | ” |
| “ | The site falls in landscaped gardens surrounding a bowling green and there is no trace of the Milecastle. | ” |
Each milecastle on Hadrian's Wall had two associated turret structures. These turrets were positioned approximately one-third and two-thirds of a Roman mile to the west of the Milecastle, and would probably have been manned by part of the milecastle's garrison. The turrets associated with Milecastle 1 are known as Turret 1A and Turret 1B.
Turret 1A was probably located very near to what is now the junction of the A187 Fossway, and Coutts Road. This is based on measurement, and no evidence of the turret has been identified.[7] An alternative location would be a third of a Roman mile between the site of Horsely's Milcastle 1 (Turret 0B and Milecastle 2 (location also doubtful).[8]
Location on Ordnance Survey 1:25 000 map:
Alternative location on Ordnance Survey 1:25 000 map:
Turret 1B (Turret Name) was probably located just west of the junction of the A187 Fossway, and Roman Avenue. This location was suggested by FG Simpson, and is based on measurements from Milecastle 2 (the location of which is also in doubt). No evidence of the turret has been identified.[9]
Location on Ordnance Survey 1:25 000 map:
| Monument | Monument Number | National Monuments Record Number |
| Milecastle 1 | 24837 | NZ 26 NE 24 |
| Turret 1A | 24781 | NZ 26 NE 4 |
| Turret 1A (alternative) |
24778 | NZ 26 NE 3 |
| Turret 1B | 24786 | NZ 26 NE 5 |
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